What is an Hysterosalpingogram (HSG)?
An HSG is a diagnostic test that uses X-rays and dyes to examine the fallopian tubes and uterus. During the procedure, a special dye is injected into the uterus through the cervix, and X-rays are taken as the dye moves through the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes. The dye allows the doctor to see any blockages or abnormalities in the reproductive system.
The primary function of the test in an IVF context is to check if the fallopian tubes are open.
How is an HSG performed?
The procedure is similar to a gynecological exam.
You will lie down on an X-ray table with her feet in stirrups, similar to a pelvic exam. The doctor will then insert a speculum into the vagina and cleanse the cervix with an antiseptic solution.
Next, a thin catheter is inserted through the cervix and into the uterus. The doctor will use the catheter to inject a small amount of dye into the uterus. The dye will then flow through the fallopian tubes and into the abdominal cavity, where it can be seen on X-ray images.
As the dye moves through the reproductive system, the doctor will take several X-ray images to examine the uterus and fallopian tubes. You may be asked to move into different positions to get different X-ray images at different angles.
How do I prepare for a hysterosalpingogram?
- Follow your doctors' instructions to prepare for the procedure.
- Leave jewelry at home and wear comfortable clothing.
- You may be prescribed over-the-counter antibiotics to take before the procedure to prevent infection.
- Arrange for someone to drive you home after the procedure. You may experience cramping that makes driving difficult.
Who performs a hysterosalpingogram?
- Your gynecologist
- A radiologist
- Reproductive endocrinologist
What are the results of the test?
Your doctor will tell you your results and advise on the next steps. If the HSG shows that the fallopian tubes are blocked, they may recommend additional follow-up diagnostic tests to further diagnose the issue.
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