What is a Blastocyst?

Day 5 - Early stage of an embryo.

What is a blastocyst?

A blastocyst is a cluster of cells made by a fertilized egg. It contains the very early stages of an embryo. A blastocyst is the first phase for the fertilized egg that will lead to a pregnancy.

A blastocyst forms about five to six days after a sperm has fertilized an egg. Cells in the blastocyst divide and separate. These cells eventually become both the protection and nourishment for the developing fetus.

The blastocyst stage of a fertilized egg is especially important in vitro fertilization (IVF). Around day five, the blastocyst is graded by the embryologist at your IVF clinic, assigned a "grade" and the determination is made if it will be transferred, frozen or discarded based around the "grade" assigned and your situation.

A blastocyst contains two distinct features:

  • Trophectoderm / T cells.
    • Single layer of cells around the outside of the embryo that will become the placenta and embryonic sac.
  • Inner Cell Mass (ICM)
    • Cluster of cells that will form the fetus.

References


# ART IVF
Gardner Embryo/Blastocyst Grading System
Your embryo's quality score